The Current Idea Of Intelligence - 1297 Words

Paper 1 Intelligence has been identified in many different ways throughout history and varies between different cultures. The current idea of intelligence consists of intangible properties that include, but are not limited to, knowledge-based thinking, apprehending, adaptive purposeful striving, fluid-analytic reasoning, mental playfulness, and idiosyncratic learning (Krishnamurthy, 2015). Progression of Intelligence Testing Through the Ages The notion that Caucasians were superior to other races (e.g., African Americans, Native Americans, etc.) was a well accepted notion that preceded, and even influenced, early intelligence testing (Gould, 1996). Research conducted by Samuel Morton on human skulls began in the 1820’s attempted to set up a scientifically based racial-ranking system of intelligence through the use of Craniometry. However, Morton’s research was heavily biased, although it appeared his biases were unintentional and lacked â€Å"conscious manipulation† (p. 101). Even though data from Morton’s research acknowledged that brain size was relative to body size, he â€Å"failed to correct for differences in sex or body size† (p. 94). Morton also made errors that favored his prejudices which included inaccurate measurements (e.g., unequal rounding cranial circumference measurements, â€Å"over-packing† skulls) and sampling biases (e.g., including unequal female to male ra tios in particular samples, over-representing certain groups samples) (p. 86-101). Furthermore, scientists suchShow MoreRelatedThe Invention Of Artificial Intelligence1668 Words   |  7 Pages The idea that machines and technology can, and are, becoming â€Å"intelligent† is a scary thought. Throughout the history of technology, there has been a steady increase in the capabilities of software, and much research has gone into how these capabilities can be used to â€Å"better† our lives. In our lives today, we all use some form of Artificial Intelligence daily. 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